Monocytes: These are a type of white blood cell that plays an important role in the body’s immune system. They are responsible for engulfing and digesting dead or damaged cells, as well as attacking and destroying invading bacteria and other pathogens. Monocytes can also help stimulate the production of other immune cells. An increase in monocyte count, known as monocytosis, can be a sign of an infection or chronic inflammatory condition, while a decrease in monocyte count can indicate a weakened immune system. The normal range of monocyte count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 2% to 10% of the total white blood cell count.

Eosinophils: Are a type of white blood cell that is involved in the body’s immune response to allergies and parasitic infections. They work by releasing chemicals that help to kill parasites and also play a role in regulating inflammation in the body. An increase in eosinophil count, known as eosinophilia, can be a sign of an allergic or parasitic condition, while a decrease in eosinophil count is generally not considered clinically significant. The normal range of eosinophil count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 1% to 6% of the total white blood cell count.

The immature granulocyte percentage (IG%): This is a measurement of the proportion of white blood cells in the blood that are immature granulocytes, which include metamyelocytes, myelocytes, and promyelocytes. These cells are normally found in the bone marrow and are released into the bloodstream in response to infection or inflammation. An increase in IG%, also known as a left shift, can be a sign of an acute bacterial infection or other inflammatory condition. The normal range of IG% may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but is typically less than 1-3% of the total white blood cell count.

Neutrophils absolute count: is a measurement of the actual number of neutrophils present in a given volume of blood. This count is obtained by multiplying the total white blood cell count by the percentage of neutrophils present in the blood (obtained from a differential white blood cell count test). An increase in the neutrophil absolute count can be a sign of bacterial infection, inflammation, or other conditions that stimulate the production or release of neutrophils from the bone marrow. The normal range for neutrophil absolute count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 2,500 to 7,000 cells per microliter of blood.

Monocytes absolute count: is a measurement of the actual number of monocytes present in a given volume of blood. This count is obtained by multiplying the total white blood cell count by the percentage of monocytes present in the blood (obtained from a differential white blood cell count test). An increase in the monocyte absolute count, known as monocytosis, can be a sign of chronic infections, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and some types of cancers. A decrease in the monocyte absolute count is not typically considered clinically significant. The normal range for monocyte absolute count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 200 to 800 cells per microliter of blood.

What is Basophils absolute count ?

Eosinophils absolute count: is a measurement of the actual number of eosinophils present in a given volume of blood. This count is obtained by multiplying the total white blood cell count by the percentage of eosinophils present in the blood (obtained from a differential white blood cell count test). An increase in the eosinophil absolute count, known as eosinophilia, can be a sign of allergies, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain types of cancers. The normal range for eosinophil absolute count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 30 to 350 cells per microliter of blood.

Nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs): are immature red blood cells that still contain a nucleus. These cells are typically only found in the bone marrow and are not normally present in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. The presence of nRBCs in the peripheral blood can indicate that the bone marrow is responding to increased demand for red blood cell production, such as in anemia or blood loss. nRBCs can be identified and counted using a blood smear and microscopic examination. The normal range for nRBCs in the peripheral blood is typically less than 1 per 100 white blood cells. However, the normal range may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors.

HEMATOCRIT (PCV): also known as packed cell volume (PCV), is a measurement of the proportion of red blood cells in the total volume of blood. It is typically expressed as a percentage. The hematocrit measurement is obtained from a complete blood count (CBC) test. The normal range for hematocrit may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 38.8% to 50% in adult males and from 34.9% to 44.5% in adult females. A decrease or increase in hematocrit level can indicate various health conditions, such as anemia, dehydration, blood loss, or polycythemia.

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH): is a measurement of the average amount of hemoglobin in a single red blood cell. MCH is typically reported in picograms (pg). The MCH measurement is obtained from a complete blood count (CBC) test. The normal range for MCH may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 27 to 32 pg. A low MCH value may indicate a type of anemia, such as iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia, while a high MCH value may indicate a type of anemia, such as pernicious anemia, or other conditions, such as liver disease. However, MCH is usually interpreted in conjunction with other CBC parameters to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a patient’s health status.

Red cell distribution width – coefficient of variation (RDW-CV): is a measure of the variation in size of red blood cells. It is typically reported as a percentage. RDW-CV is one of the parameters that can be obtained from a complete blood count (CBC) test. The normal range for RDW-CV may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 11.5% to 14.5%. An increased RDW-CV value may indicate a higher degree of variability in the size of red blood cells, which can be seen in conditions such as iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, or hemolytic anemia. However, RDW-CV is usually interpreted in conjunction with other CBC parameters to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a patient’s health status.

WHAT IS PLATELET DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (PDW)?

Platelet count: This is a laboratory test that measures the number of platelets in a person’s blood. Platelets are small, colorless cell fragments that help the blood to clot and prevent excessive bleeding. The normal range for platelet count may vary depending on the laboratory and the individual’s age, sex, and other factors, but typically ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. An abnormally low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) may increase the risk of bleeding, while an abnormally high platelet count (thrombocytosis) may increase the risk of blood clots. However, the platelet count is usually interpreted in conjunction with other CBC parameters and clinical information to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a patient’s health status.